Received third and final Hep B shot. No problems.
I'll return on March 4th for physical and blood work. I'm looking forward to figuring out why I'm so tired and sore all the time, etc.
Showing posts with label hepatitis. Show all posts
Showing posts with label hepatitis. Show all posts
Friday, February 13, 2009
Friday, September 26, 2008
My Last Hep A Shot
On lunch break today I got my second and last Hepatitis A shot by Dr. May Hizrani at MMC Hospital.
Medical Service - Rp100,000.
Havrix II vaccine - Rp572,047.
Medical Service - Rp100,000.
Havrix II vaccine - Rp572,047.
Tuesday, September 16, 2008
Chronic Hepatitis Nutrition
What Should I Eat?
By Charles Daniel
Updated: September 8, 2008
Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by Susan Olender, MD
What should someone with chronic hepatitis eat? This is a common concern and the answer may surprise you. There's no single recommended diet -- because there's not much difference between a healthful diet for someone with chronic hepatitis and someone without! Even though several books and websites suggests otherwise, there are only guiding principles that you should understand. With these principles, you and your physician can develop a diet that gives your body the nutrition it needs without putting additional stress on your liver.
We all have very similar nutritional needs, whether we have chronic hepatitis, or not. These only change for people with decompensated cirrhosis, which is such extensive scarring (fibrosis) that the liver can't function properly. Distinguishing whether a person with chronic hepatitis has cirrhosis and the stage of their cirrhosis determines how much attention he or she should pay to a special diet.
Make Sure You're Eating...
Enough calories. Anorexia is a symptom associated with advanced cirrhosis that can make it difficult for someone to get enough calories. Usually, this only lasts a short period of time, brief enough for your body to get by on its reserves. However, if it lasts for several days or weeks, you probably aren't getting the nutrition you need. One solution is to discuss with your physician whether you're getting enough food or enough of the right foods.
The right amount of protein. Meats, milk, nuts and cheese are all good sources of protein. Protein is an important nutrient and it's absolutely necessary for good health. People with chronic hepatitis should be able to enjoy moderate amounts of protein without worry. As long as your liver is working properly, protein shouldn't be a problem. However, too much protein is bad for people with advanced cirrhosis and can lead to brain disease as the excess protein accumulates in the blood. Again, the liver is responsible for keeping protein at safe levels, but when the liver is damaged as is the case with decompensated cirrhosis, it can't do as much as it did before. While it's important to eat enough protein, too much is harmful. Talk with your doctor to determine what's the best amount of protein for you.
Enough vitamins and minerals. Some people with chronic hepatitis, especially those with alcoholic hepatitis or advanced cirrhosis, may not be getting enough of the fat-soluble vitamins and necessary minerals they need through their diet. Your doctor or nutritionist may measure your levels of vitamins A, D and E to check your clotting time. One solution to this deficiency is using doctor-prescribed supplements. Otherwise you'll need to make certain you get these vitamins and minerals the old-fashioned way: through a balanced diet.
Prepare Meals with Your Liver In Mind
Low-fat meals. The liver is an incredibly important organ to your body. It's involved with many aspects of nutrition. One important function of the liver is to produce bile, which the body uses to emulsify dietary fats, such as from potato chips or hamburgers. Before the body can absorb the fats and use their nutritional energy, all fats must be prepared by this process. However, depending on the damage to your liver, you might not be able to prepare enough bile to handle a meal high in fats. As a result, you might suffer indigestion because of the undigested fat. One solution is just to eat low-fat foods. An alternative is to eat very small amounts of a high-fat food.
Small meals. Because your liver is damaged, it isn't able to store as much energy as it once could. One of the jobs of the liver is to store the chemical glycogen, which it can quickly give back to the body when it needs immediate energy. Most people can store relatively large amounts of glycogen in their livers, but when the liver is damaged with fibrosis, the scar tissue takes away valuable storage space for glycogen. This explains one reason why people with chronic liver disease often get tired quickly. One solution is to eat small, frequent meals making sure to include carbohydrates. This gives your body the chance to replace its glycogen reserves.
Protect Your Liver
The liver is such a powerful filtering organ. Every five minutes, your entire blood supply is filtered through it. As blood filters through, the liver removes the toxins (anything poisonous to your body). The liver has an amazing capacity to keep doing its job even while damaged, but eventually too much damage will reduce liver function. Therefore, it's in your best interest to reduce toxins to your liver. Here's some common toxins to the liver:
* Alcohol. People with chronic hepatitis should avoid alcohol since it speeds progression to cirrhosis. People with cirrhosis should absolutely avoid alcohol.
* Unnecessary medicines. Even though medicines are beneficial, they are still toxic chemicals that must be processed by your liver. It's important to follow your doctor's advice and take the medicines that you need and avoid the ones that you don't. Check with your doctor before taking a medicine if you have liver disease.
* Pesticides and herbicides. Though these can absorb through your skin, they are still toxins ultimately processed by the liver.
* Household chemicals. We use chemicals daily, sometimes without a second thought. People with chronic hepatitis should take extra caution to reduce exposure of these through fumes, ingestion and skin absorption.
* Vitamins and supplements. Some vitamins (K, A, D and E) are very important and necessary for people with chronic hepatitis and many doctors will prescribe vitamin supplements. However, aside from physician-recommended vitamins, use caution with additional supplements because they may be toxins.
* Tobacco products
* Recreational drugs
Remember the Basics
Healthful foods. Your body needs good nutrition whether you have chronic hepatitis or not. To achieve good nutrition means that you're getting the nutrients you need (vitamins, minerals, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber) from the foods you eat. The quality and types of foods are important: fresh fruits and vegetables, lean meats (chicken, turkey, pork) and whole grains (barley, brown rice, whole wheat breads and oat meal).
Exercise. Along with nutrition, exercise is an essential part of good health. Some of the common symptoms associated with chronic hepatitis in the setting of no cirrhosis or cirrhosis that isn't too advanced, such as fatigue or depressed mood, may be improved with regular, moderate exercise. You should begin any exercise program gradually and, depending on your level of health, under a physician's guidance. Most exercise, however small the amount, is very beneficial to your health and well-being. It is an excellent complement to good nutrition.
---
Charles Daniel is a hepatitis advocate writing about hepatitis and its many aspects, specifically how this disease affects people and their communities.
By Charles Daniel
Updated: September 8, 2008
Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by Susan Olender, MD
What should someone with chronic hepatitis eat? This is a common concern and the answer may surprise you. There's no single recommended diet -- because there's not much difference between a healthful diet for someone with chronic hepatitis and someone without! Even though several books and websites suggests otherwise, there are only guiding principles that you should understand. With these principles, you and your physician can develop a diet that gives your body the nutrition it needs without putting additional stress on your liver.
We all have very similar nutritional needs, whether we have chronic hepatitis, or not. These only change for people with decompensated cirrhosis, which is such extensive scarring (fibrosis) that the liver can't function properly. Distinguishing whether a person with chronic hepatitis has cirrhosis and the stage of their cirrhosis determines how much attention he or she should pay to a special diet.
Make Sure You're Eating...
Enough calories. Anorexia is a symptom associated with advanced cirrhosis that can make it difficult for someone to get enough calories. Usually, this only lasts a short period of time, brief enough for your body to get by on its reserves. However, if it lasts for several days or weeks, you probably aren't getting the nutrition you need. One solution is to discuss with your physician whether you're getting enough food or enough of the right foods.
The right amount of protein. Meats, milk, nuts and cheese are all good sources of protein. Protein is an important nutrient and it's absolutely necessary for good health. People with chronic hepatitis should be able to enjoy moderate amounts of protein without worry. As long as your liver is working properly, protein shouldn't be a problem. However, too much protein is bad for people with advanced cirrhosis and can lead to brain disease as the excess protein accumulates in the blood. Again, the liver is responsible for keeping protein at safe levels, but when the liver is damaged as is the case with decompensated cirrhosis, it can't do as much as it did before. While it's important to eat enough protein, too much is harmful. Talk with your doctor to determine what's the best amount of protein for you.
Enough vitamins and minerals. Some people with chronic hepatitis, especially those with alcoholic hepatitis or advanced cirrhosis, may not be getting enough of the fat-soluble vitamins and necessary minerals they need through their diet. Your doctor or nutritionist may measure your levels of vitamins A, D and E to check your clotting time. One solution to this deficiency is using doctor-prescribed supplements. Otherwise you'll need to make certain you get these vitamins and minerals the old-fashioned way: through a balanced diet.
Prepare Meals with Your Liver In Mind
Low-fat meals. The liver is an incredibly important organ to your body. It's involved with many aspects of nutrition. One important function of the liver is to produce bile, which the body uses to emulsify dietary fats, such as from potato chips or hamburgers. Before the body can absorb the fats and use their nutritional energy, all fats must be prepared by this process. However, depending on the damage to your liver, you might not be able to prepare enough bile to handle a meal high in fats. As a result, you might suffer indigestion because of the undigested fat. One solution is just to eat low-fat foods. An alternative is to eat very small amounts of a high-fat food.
Small meals. Because your liver is damaged, it isn't able to store as much energy as it once could. One of the jobs of the liver is to store the chemical glycogen, which it can quickly give back to the body when it needs immediate energy. Most people can store relatively large amounts of glycogen in their livers, but when the liver is damaged with fibrosis, the scar tissue takes away valuable storage space for glycogen. This explains one reason why people with chronic liver disease often get tired quickly. One solution is to eat small, frequent meals making sure to include carbohydrates. This gives your body the chance to replace its glycogen reserves.
Protect Your Liver
The liver is such a powerful filtering organ. Every five minutes, your entire blood supply is filtered through it. As blood filters through, the liver removes the toxins (anything poisonous to your body). The liver has an amazing capacity to keep doing its job even while damaged, but eventually too much damage will reduce liver function. Therefore, it's in your best interest to reduce toxins to your liver. Here's some common toxins to the liver:
* Alcohol. People with chronic hepatitis should avoid alcohol since it speeds progression to cirrhosis. People with cirrhosis should absolutely avoid alcohol.
* Unnecessary medicines. Even though medicines are beneficial, they are still toxic chemicals that must be processed by your liver. It's important to follow your doctor's advice and take the medicines that you need and avoid the ones that you don't. Check with your doctor before taking a medicine if you have liver disease.
* Pesticides and herbicides. Though these can absorb through your skin, they are still toxins ultimately processed by the liver.
* Household chemicals. We use chemicals daily, sometimes without a second thought. People with chronic hepatitis should take extra caution to reduce exposure of these through fumes, ingestion and skin absorption.
* Vitamins and supplements. Some vitamins (K, A, D and E) are very important and necessary for people with chronic hepatitis and many doctors will prescribe vitamin supplements. However, aside from physician-recommended vitamins, use caution with additional supplements because they may be toxins.
* Tobacco products
* Recreational drugs
Remember the Basics
Healthful foods. Your body needs good nutrition whether you have chronic hepatitis or not. To achieve good nutrition means that you're getting the nutrients you need (vitamins, minerals, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber) from the foods you eat. The quality and types of foods are important: fresh fruits and vegetables, lean meats (chicken, turkey, pork) and whole grains (barley, brown rice, whole wheat breads and oat meal).
Exercise. Along with nutrition, exercise is an essential part of good health. Some of the common symptoms associated with chronic hepatitis in the setting of no cirrhosis or cirrhosis that isn't too advanced, such as fatigue or depressed mood, may be improved with regular, moderate exercise. You should begin any exercise program gradually and, depending on your level of health, under a physician's guidance. Most exercise, however small the amount, is very beneficial to your health and well-being. It is an excellent complement to good nutrition.
---
Charles Daniel is a hepatitis advocate writing about hepatitis and its many aspects, specifically how this disease affects people and their communities.
Monday, September 15, 2008
Shot Info
Went in and got my second Hep B shot today. Everything went smoothly. Hep B shot #3 due on 02/15/09...
Monday, September 8, 2008
Lab Result
Clinical Chemistry
Liver Function
Total Protein: 7.8 g/dl
Albumin: 5.0 g/dl
Globulin: 2.8 g/dl
Total Bilirubin: 0.47 mg/dl
Direct Bilirubin: 0.15 mg/dl
Indirect Bilirubin: 0.32 mg/dl
Alkali Phospatase: 59 U/L
SGOT: 19 U/L
SGPT: 20 U/L
Gamma GT: 26 U/L
Renal Function
Uric Acid: 4.4 mg/dl
Serology/Immunology
Liver
HBsAg: Positive
S/CO: 120.0
Cut off: 10.8
Anti HBs: Negative miU/ml
Liver Function
Total Protein: 7.8 g/dl
Albumin: 5.0 g/dl
Globulin: 2.8 g/dl
Total Bilirubin: 0.47 mg/dl
Direct Bilirubin: 0.15 mg/dl
Indirect Bilirubin: 0.32 mg/dl
Alkali Phospatase: 59 U/L
SGOT: 19 U/L
SGPT: 20 U/L
Gamma GT: 26 U/L
Renal Function
Uric Acid: 4.4 mg/dl
Serology/Immunology
Liver
HBsAg: Positive
S/CO: 120.0
Cut off: 10.8
Anti HBs: Negative miU/ml
Thursday, August 28, 2008
Second Consultation with the Liver Specialist
After having two days off to let my foot healed, I went to see Prof. Dr. Sjaifoellah Noer again for consultation. I was supposed to see him Tuesday (08/26) when I got foot hurt. I waited three hours this time.
He said I didn't need any treatment right now since the hep B virus is inactive. So he gave me a prescription of Becombion (multivitamin), Lesichol 300 (for my liver) and Simvastatin (for my cholesterol) for two months. He also told me to get another blood test in two months time, a day before my next appointment with him.
I'd need to get a periodical blood test from now on to know if/when the virus attacks my liver. But for now, I just need to take the multivitamins and the prescription drugs.
Medical service - Rp280,000
Medication (for a month) - Rp320,364.
He said I didn't need any treatment right now since the hep B virus is inactive. So he gave me a prescription of Becombion (multivitamin), Lesichol 300 (for my liver) and Simvastatin (for my cholesterol) for two months. He also told me to get another blood test in two months time, a day before my next appointment with him.
I'd need to get a periodical blood test from now on to know if/when the virus attacks my liver. But for now, I just need to take the multivitamins and the prescription drugs.
Medical service - Rp280,000
Medication (for a month) - Rp320,364.
Tuesday, August 26, 2008
Hep A Shot & X-Ray
This morning a car ran into my right ankle and bruised it. I first thought it was only a minor bruise, on lunch break I could still walk to get a cab to MMC to get my lab results and to get my first hep A shot. While I was there I also asked for an X-Ray for my ankle. The doc said there was nothing wrong with my ankle bones. But at about 3 pm I realized my right ankle swelled up and I couldn't walk. There must have been something wrong with the muscles and/or tendons. Great, this is just all I need when I could have been getting everything else done. Fortunately that night I had someone (tukang urut) to correct all the wrong tendons so I'd let my foot heal in the next day or two.
Though, my life had to stop for awhile.
Lab result:
Routine Hematology
Hemoglobin: 12.0 g/dL
Hematocrite: 39.7%
Eritrosit: 4.16
Trombosit: 359
Leukocyte: 5.91
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): 26 mm (H)
Kimia Darah
Total bilirubin: 1.03 mg/dL (H)
Direct bilirubin: 0.11 mg/dL
Indirect bilirubin: 0.92 mg/dL (H)
Alkali Phosphatase: 108 U/L
SGOT: 21 U/L
SGPT: 25 U/L
Gamma GT (GGT): 25 U/L
Ureum: 16 mg/dL
Kreatinin: 0.86 mg/dL
Uric Acid: 3.78 mg/dL
Triglyceride: 85 mg/dL
Total cholesterol: 216 mg/dL (H)
HDL cholesterol (direct): 58 mg/dL
LDL cholesterol (direct): 140 mg/dL (H)
Glucose (fasting): 91 mg/dL
Urine Glucose (fasting): negative (<100 br="br" dl="dl" mg="mg">
Blood Glucose 2 hr PP: 98 mg/dL
Urine Glucose 2 hr PP: negative (<100 br="br" dl="dl" mg="mg">
X-Ray - Rp117,00
Medical service - Rp100,000
Hep A shot - Rp568,019.
I should get my second and last hep A shot next month.
Though, my life had to stop for awhile.
Lab result:
Routine Hematology
Hemoglobin: 12.0 g/dL
Hematocrite: 39.7%
Eritrosit: 4.16
Trombosit: 359
Leukocyte: 5.91
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): 26 mm (H)
Kimia Darah
Total bilirubin: 1.03 mg/dL (H)
Direct bilirubin: 0.11 mg/dL
Indirect bilirubin: 0.92 mg/dL (H)
Alkali Phosphatase: 108 U/L
SGOT: 21 U/L
SGPT: 25 U/L
Gamma GT (GGT): 25 U/L
Ureum: 16 mg/dL
Kreatinin: 0.86 mg/dL
Uric Acid: 3.78 mg/dL
Triglyceride: 85 mg/dL
Total cholesterol: 216 mg/dL (H)
HDL cholesterol (direct): 58 mg/dL
LDL cholesterol (direct): 140 mg/dL (H)
Glucose (fasting): 91 mg/dL
Urine Glucose (fasting): negative (<100 br="br" dl="dl" mg="mg">
Blood Glucose 2 hr PP: 98 mg/dL
Urine Glucose 2 hr PP: negative (<100 br="br" dl="dl" mg="mg">
X-Ray - Rp117,00
Medical service - Rp100,000
Hep A shot - Rp568,019.
I should get my second and last hep A shot next month.
Monday, August 25, 2008
Lab Work and Ultrasound
I took a day off to get my blood test and ultrasound today. I got to the MMC at 9 am to get my blood and urine test after fasting for 12 hours and then I'd have another one after I ate.
Later this evening I got an ultrasound by the professor himself at the Mitra International hospital after fasting for 5 hours. The ultrasound result came out right after and it looked promising. He said there were no apparent damages to my liver and other organs.
I also showed him my hep A & C results and he suggested that I get a hep A vaccine as soon as possible. There is no hep C vaccine yet so I'll be getting a hep A shot tomorrow.
Lab work - Rp713,500
Ultrasound - Rp623,000.
Later this evening I got an ultrasound by the professor himself at the Mitra International hospital after fasting for 5 hours. The ultrasound result came out right after and it looked promising. He said there were no apparent damages to my liver and other organs.
I also showed him my hep A & C results and he suggested that I get a hep A vaccine as soon as possible. There is no hep C vaccine yet so I'll be getting a hep A shot tomorrow.
Lab work - Rp713,500
Ultrasound - Rp623,000.
Friday, August 15, 2008
Shot Info
I received my first shot in a series of three for Hep B today. Shot #2 is scheduled for next month (09/15/08). I'm looking forward to completing the series. I had previously assumed I had the Hep B vaccine years ago, but upon closer inspection of my immunization records, realized I may never have. Better to be safe than sorry...
Wednesday, August 13, 2008
Negative for Hep A and C
The result for my hep A & C came out.
Anti HAV total: 1.56 S/CO (non reactive)
Reference value: Non reactive: 1.001 - 3.000; Reactive: <= 1.000
Anti HCV total: 0.28 S/CO (non reactive)
Reference value: Non reactive: < 0.99; Reactive: >= 1.00
I was prepared for the worst but now I can breathe a sigh of relieve. At least I don't have hep A and/or C. I'm determined to get the hep A shot as soon as possible.
Anti HAV total: 1.56 S/CO (non reactive)
Reference value: Non reactive: 1.001 - 3.000; Reactive: <= 1.000
Anti HCV total: 0.28 S/CO (non reactive)
Reference value: Non reactive: < 0.99; Reactive: >= 1.00
I was prepared for the worst but now I can breathe a sigh of relieve. At least I don't have hep A and/or C. I'm determined to get the hep A shot as soon as possible.
Tuesday, August 12, 2008
Consultation with the Liver Specialist
I went to MMC (again) later in the evening to see the liver specialist, Prof. Dr. Sjaifoellah Noer. I waited a solid two hours before it was finally my turn to see him. He asked me a few questions about my medical history and took a thorough look at my lab results. To be able to diagnosed me more accurately, basically he wanted me to get hep A and C checked as well later that night, he wrote a prescription of Becombion and Methycol for me to take for two weeks, and then I'd need to get an ultra sound of my liver in Mitra International hospital in the east Jakarta and a thorough lab work one day before my next appointment with him.
Medical service - Rp280,000
Medicine - Rp33,847
Lab work for hep A and C - Rp448,500.
Medical service - Rp280,000
Medicine - Rp33,847
Lab work for hep A and C - Rp448,500.
Lab Result
Lab result came out for my SGOT/SGPT levels.
SGOT: 21 U/L; Reference value: 10 - 31
SGPT: 40 U/L (H); Reference value: 9 - 36
I went to see dr. Raharjo again to get an advice from the result. He said my SGPT level was a bit high and he recommended me to see Prof. Dr. H.M Sjaifoellah Noer tonight.
Lab - Rp60,000
Medical service - Rp40,000.
SGOT: 21 U/L; Reference value: 10 - 31
SGPT: 40 U/L (H); Reference value: 9 - 36
I went to see dr. Raharjo again to get an advice from the result. He said my SGPT level was a bit high and he recommended me to see Prof. Dr. H.M Sjaifoellah Noer tonight.
Lab - Rp60,000
Medical service - Rp40,000.
Monday, August 11, 2008
HBsAg Result
My HBsAg test result came out today and it said I was positive for hepatitis B.
Here's the result:
HBsAg: 149.15 (positive)
Anti HBs titer: 0.0 (non reactive)
I was going to get a Hep B shot by the doctor in charge today which was dr. Raharjo, and based on the lab result he said I wasn't supposed to get it since I was tested positive for hep B. He would recommend me to see a liver specialist but first he wanted to see the levels of my SGOT/SGPT. So I got another blood test for that.
The first moments after I was diagnosed with hep B were probably one of the darkest moments of my life.
Here's the result:
HBsAg: 149.15 (positive)
Anti HBs titer: 0.0 (non reactive)
I was going to get a Hep B shot by the doctor in charge today which was dr. Raharjo, and based on the lab result he said I wasn't supposed to get it since I was tested positive for hep B. He would recommend me to see a liver specialist but first he wanted to see the levels of my SGOT/SGPT. So I got another blood test for that.
The first moments after I was diagnosed with hep B were probably one of the darkest moments of my life.
Saturday, August 9, 2008
First HBsAg Test
I went to MMC Hospital today to get my Hepatitis B shot and got a reference from dr. Rudy Winarto to get my HbsAg and Anti HBs tests done.
Lab - Rp207,000
Medical service (doctor) - Rp100,000.
Lab - Rp207,000
Medical service (doctor) - Rp100,000.
Friday, October 27, 2006
FDA Approves New Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis B
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Tyzeka (telbivudine) for the treatment of adults with chronic hepatitis B (HBV), a serious viral infection that attacks the liver and can cause lifelong infection, scarring of the liver (cirrhosis), and eventually liver cancer, liver failure, and death. Tyzeka is a new molecular entity, which is a term used by the FDA to describe a medication containing an active substance that has never before been approved for marketing in any form in the United States.
"In a typical year, an estimated 70,000 Americans become infected with chronic HBV, and some 5,000 of them will die of the complications caused by the disease," said Dr. Steven Galson, Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Tyzeka offers prescribers another option for treating these patients."
Tyzeka was studied in a year-long international clinical trial in 1,367 patients with chronic HBV. Three-quarters of the trial participants were male, and all were 16 years of age or older. The trial produced evidence of antiviral effectiveness, including the suppression of hepatitis B virus, and improvement in liver inflammation comparable to Epivir-HBV (lamivudine), one of five other medications approved to treat patients with chronic HBV.
HBV is spread when blood from an infected person enters the body of a person who is not infected, sometimes by sexual contact or blood contamination. Tyzeka is not a cure for hepatitis B, and long-term treatment benefits of this drug are not known. Use of Tyzeka has not been shown to reduce the risk of transmission of HBV to others through sexual contact or blood contamination.
In clinical studies Tyzeka was generally well tolerated, and most reported adverse events were mild to moderate. The most common side effects were elevated CPK (creatinine phosphokinase, an enzyme that is present in muscle tissue and is a marker for breakdown of muscle tissue), upper respiratory tract infection, fatigue, headache, abdominal pain and cough.
Also, after several weeks to months of Tyzeka use, some patients developed symptoms ranging from transient muscle pain to muscle weakness. Those who developed muscle weakness experienced significant improvement in their symptoms when Tyzeka was discontinued.
Patients should only stop Tyzeka after a careful discussion with their doctor. As has happened with other forms of treatment for hepatitis B, some patients who discontinued Tyzeka experienced a sudden and severe worsening of their hepatitis B. Therefore, patients who discontinue Tyzeka should be closely monitored by their doctor for at least several months.
Among drugs in the same class as Tyzeka, some cases of lactic acidosis (too much acid in the body due to buildup of lactic acid) and severe enlargement and accumulation of fat in the liver, including fatal cases, have been reported.
Tyzeka is manufactured by Novartis Pharma Stein AG, Stein, Switzerland and marketed and distributed by Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
From U.S. FDA
"In a typical year, an estimated 70,000 Americans become infected with chronic HBV, and some 5,000 of them will die of the complications caused by the disease," said Dr. Steven Galson, Director of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. "Tyzeka offers prescribers another option for treating these patients."
Tyzeka was studied in a year-long international clinical trial in 1,367 patients with chronic HBV. Three-quarters of the trial participants were male, and all were 16 years of age or older. The trial produced evidence of antiviral effectiveness, including the suppression of hepatitis B virus, and improvement in liver inflammation comparable to Epivir-HBV (lamivudine), one of five other medications approved to treat patients with chronic HBV.
HBV is spread when blood from an infected person enters the body of a person who is not infected, sometimes by sexual contact or blood contamination. Tyzeka is not a cure for hepatitis B, and long-term treatment benefits of this drug are not known. Use of Tyzeka has not been shown to reduce the risk of transmission of HBV to others through sexual contact or blood contamination.
In clinical studies Tyzeka was generally well tolerated, and most reported adverse events were mild to moderate. The most common side effects were elevated CPK (creatinine phosphokinase, an enzyme that is present in muscle tissue and is a marker for breakdown of muscle tissue), upper respiratory tract infection, fatigue, headache, abdominal pain and cough.
Also, after several weeks to months of Tyzeka use, some patients developed symptoms ranging from transient muscle pain to muscle weakness. Those who developed muscle weakness experienced significant improvement in their symptoms when Tyzeka was discontinued.
Patients should only stop Tyzeka after a careful discussion with their doctor. As has happened with other forms of treatment for hepatitis B, some patients who discontinued Tyzeka experienced a sudden and severe worsening of their hepatitis B. Therefore, patients who discontinue Tyzeka should be closely monitored by their doctor for at least several months.
Among drugs in the same class as Tyzeka, some cases of lactic acidosis (too much acid in the body due to buildup of lactic acid) and severe enlargement and accumulation of fat in the liver, including fatal cases, have been reported.
Tyzeka is manufactured by Novartis Pharma Stein AG, Stein, Switzerland and marketed and distributed by Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
From U.S. FDA
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